Kidney disease is a serious condition that affects millions of people around the world. It occurs when the kidneys become damaged and can no longer function as they should. These organs are essential for maintaining the body’s balance of fluids and electrolytes, filtering waste from the blood, regulating blood pressure, and supporting red blood cell production.

Because kidney disease often develops silently, early detection is crucial. Fortunately, the body does give warning signs when something is wrong. Recognizing these symptoms can help you seek medical care before the condition becomes severe.

---

Understanding the Kidneys' Role

The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located on each side of the spine, just below the ribcage. When healthy, they filter roughly 120–150 quarts of blood each day and generate 1–2 quarts of urine. They regulate fluid levels, remove toxins, balance minerals such as sodium, potassium, and calcium, and help manage blood pressure and red blood cell production.

---

What Is Kidney Disease?

Kidney disease, or renal disease, occurs when the kidneys are damaged and unable to work effectively. Common causes include:

• High blood pressure

• Diabetes

• Infections

• Autoimmune conditions

• Genetic factors

If left untreated, kidney disease can progress to kidney failure, which may require dialysis or a transplant. Early recognition and treatment can slow or even prevent serious complications.

---

10 Signs Your Kidneys May Be in Trouble

Many people do not realize something is wrong until the disease has progressed. Here are ten symptoms that may indicate your kidneys are under strain:

1. Changes in Urination

One of the earliest signs is a change in how often or how much you urinate. This can include:

• Increased frequency, especially at night

• Decreased output

• Foamy or bubbly urine

These changes suggest that the kidneys may be struggling to filter waste properly.

2. Fatigue and Weakness

Kidney disease may lead to anemia due to reduced red blood cell production. This can cause:

• Persistent tiredness

• Overall weakness

• Difficulty focusing

3. Swelling (Edema)

Damaged kidneys may allow fluid to build up in the body, resulting in swelling of the:

• Legs

• Ankles

• Hands

• Face

• Abdomen

4. Persistent Back Pain

Discomfort felt just below the ribcage—where the kidneys are located—can signal infection or kidney damage. The pain may be sharp, constant, or accompanied by tenderness.

5. Unexplained Weight Loss or Loss of Appetite

A build-up of toxins in the bloodstream can diminish appetite and lead to unintentional weight loss.

6. Nausea and Vomiting

Waste accumulation in the blood may trigger nausea or vomiting, often worse in the morning or after meals.

7. Difficulty Sleeping

Poor kidney function may contribute to:

• Muscle cramps

• Restless leg syndrome

• Frequent nighttime urination

These disturbances can significantly impact sleep quality.

8. Metallic Taste in the Mouth

A persistent metallic or ammonia-like taste can develop when toxins accumulate in the blood, affecting appetite and enjoyment of food.

9. Muscle Cramps and Twitching

Imbalances in essential electrolytes—especially calcium and potassium—may cause muscle cramps, spasms, or twitching.

10. Itchy Skin

Kidney dysfunction can cause toxins to circulate in the bloodstream, leading to widespread itching that is not tied to a specific rash.

---

Prevention: Protecting Your Kidney Health

You can significantly reduce your risk of kidney disease by supporting your overall health:

• Eat a balanced diet rich in whole foods

• Exercise regularly

• Drink enough water

• Get adequate sleep

• Limit alcohol

• Avoid smoking

• Use medications—both prescription and over-the-counter—responsibly

If you are at higher risk or notice any concerning symptoms, consider getting your kidney function tested. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are key to preventing long-term damage.